…Bincike Haƙƙin Yakin Dan Adam, ‘Yancin ‘Yan Jarida da Matsayin Leken asirin Artificial
*Rayuwar yau da kullun cikin Hatsari, Gudun Bam da Rikicin Bindiga, Dabarun Tsira na Kafofin watsa labarai & Gwagwarmayar Damuwa Bayan Bala’i
*Abinda yasa gwamnatin Azzalumai ke yiwa ‘yan jarida hari da kisa, dauri, tilastawa gudun hijira don haifar da rashin tsaro na zato a cikin jama’a.
*Daga DR GEORGE ELIYAH OTUMU/Editan zartarwa & Manajan Darakta, NAIJA STANDARD NEWSPAPER INC USA yana ba da rahoto kai tsaye daga Tehran
A cikin ‘yan shekarun nan, Iran ta ga wani yanayi mai tada hankali: shiru na ‘yan jarida da suka kuskura su fadi gaskiya ga mulki. Rikicin da gwamnatin kasar ke yi na ‘yancin ‘yan jarida ya yi sanadin rasa rayukan ‘yan jarida da dama, tare da barin iyalai masu bakin ciki da kuma al’ummar da ke cikin fargaba. Rahotanni sun ce akalla ‘yan jarida 25 ne aka kashe a Iran tun daga shekarar 2025, tare da daure wasu da dama a gidan yari ko kuma aka tilasta musu yin gudun hijira. Wannan labarin ya ba da haske game da labaran da ba a ba da rahoton waɗannan ‘yan jarida ba da kuma yanayin da ke tattare da mutuwarsu. Gwamnatin Iran ta yi karya, inda ta ce ‘yan jarida 12 ne kawai suka mutu ya zuwa yanzu. Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran tana musamman barazana, kai hari, daure ko kuma korar ‘yan jarida zuwa gudun hijira.
Da yawa daga cikin wadannan ‘yan jarida sun biya farashi mai tsoka, sun rasa rayukansu ta hanyar sanya kansu ido da ido da kisa, harbin bindiga da kwalkwali, gidajen jaridu da kuma microphone a matsayin alamar sana’arsu ta yada labarai.
Don irin wannan yaƙe-yaƙe ko tashin hankali ko zanga-zanga a Iran, yana ɗaukar sa’a ne kawai don tserewa daga harsashi ko hayan gurneti a ko’ina. Kamar yadda talakawa suke, ba a kebe ‘yan jarida a matsayin wadanda ake fama da tashin hankali a kowane hali. Dukkanin alamu sun nuna cewa kwararrun kafafen yada labarai na kai tsaye ga gwamnatocin kama-karya, domin irin wadannan suna rayuwa a kullum cikin hadari-tsoron rayuwarsu, tunda labaransu na fallasa hakikanin azzalumai da rashin gudanar da mulki ga mutanen da suke mulka.
* Rayuwar Kafofin watsa labarai a cikin tashin hankali:
Wasu ’yan jarida da ke raye suna ba da labarinsu har yanzu suna fama da nau’ukan raɗaɗi iri-iri.
Ƙunƙarar motsin rai a cikin tashin hankali ƙwarewa ce mai ban sha’awa da ke shafar farar hula, wanda ya ƙunshi nau’i-nau’i na tunani, tunani, da alamun jiki. Wadannan raunuka sukan samo asali ne daga barazanar kai tsaye, shaida zalunci, ko asarar ‘yan uwa.
*Cutar Damuwa mai Mutuwa: Mummunan halayen (misali, rabuwar kai, mafarki mai ban tsoro) da ke faruwa jim kaɗan bayan rauni.
*Ciwon Ciwon Jiki: Sakamakon dogon lokaci, ci gaba da fuskantar haɗari, kamar zama a yankin yaƙi ko zama ɗan gudun hijira.
*Cutar Damuwa ta Bayan Traumatic (PTSD):
Wannan shine yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa da aka fi sani na dogon lokaci wanda ya taso daga tashin hankali, yaƙi, wanda ke da nau’ikan manyan alamomi guda huɗu:
* Sake fuskantar: Mafarkai, faɗuwa, da rashin son rai, abubuwan tunawa da abubuwan da suka faru.
* Gujewa: Nisantar tunani, ji, wurare, ko mutanen da ke tunatar da su abin da ya faru.
* Canje-canje mara kyau a cikin yanayi / fahimta: Jin laifi, rashin amfani, rashin bege, da ware daga wasu.
*Harfafawa: Rashin bacin rai, bacin rai, wahalar bacci, cikin saukin firgita, da kuma taka tsantsan.
Don haka, kasancewar wasu daga cikin wadannan ‘yan jaridan sun sha fama da wannan tashin hankali, wasu daga cikin wadannan ‘yan jarida suna fakewa daga gida zuwa gida, suna gudu suna addu’a, amma duk da haka harsashin da ya bata ya same su, ko kuma suka mutu bayan harbin bindiga ko kuma suka fadi saboda rashin kamun kai da bugun zuciya da ke tasowa saboda tsoron kallon mutuwa a idanunsu. Kuma wadanda gwamnatin Iran ta kulle a gidan yari sun shiga yajin cin abinci, ba su kuskura su ci abinci a gidan yari saboda tsoron ‘guba abinci’ daga gwamnatin.
Rikicin da ake fama da shi ya haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da karancin abinci da ruwan sha a cikin kasar, ta yadda wasu ‘yan jarida kadan ke shan ruwan ‘ban daki ko ban daki ko fitsari don kashe kishirwa da gujewa rashin ruwa.
*Tsarin Dan Adam:
Za a iya tunawa cewa an kashe dan jarida kamar Ruhollah Zam, dan jarida, rashin amincewa a cikin 2020. Zahra Kazemi, ‘yar jarida mai daukar hoto na Kanada-Iran da aka kashe a 2003 ya biya mafi girman farashi saboda jajircewarsu na ba da labarin Iran. Labarunsu, duk da cewa sau da yawa ba a faɗi ba, shaida ce ta ƙarfin aikin jarida wajen fuskantar zalunci. Yawancin wa] annan ‘yan jarida sun bar iyalai, ciki har da ma’aurata, ‘ya’ya, da iyaye, wadanda a yanzu suke fafutukar tabbatar da adalci da amsa.
*Danna ‘Yanci Karkashin Wuta:
‘Yan jaridar Iran na rayuwa a kullum cikin barazana, suna fuskantar kalubale daga cece-kuce zuwa tashin hankali. Ana zargin gwamnati da yin amfani da dabaru irin su tsoratarwa, cin zarafi, da kuma kame ba bisa ka’ida ba wajen rufe muryoyin da suka yi muni.
Ana tilastawa ‘yan jarida da dama yin aiki da sunan bogi ko kuma a asirce, yayin da wasu kuma aka daure su a gidan yari saboda rahotannin da suke bayarwa. Kwamitin Kare ‘Yan Jaridu (CPJ) ya tattara bayanai da dama na ‘yan jaridun da hukumomin Iran ke kai wa hari, tare da bayyana irin mummunan halin da ‘yan jaridu ke ciki a kasar.
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